brachiocephalic vein การใช้

• However, there are two brachiocephalic veins.
• The external vertebral venous plexuses travel inferiorly from this suboccipital region to drain into the brachiocephalic vein.
• The superior and middle thyroid veins drain into the internal jugular vein, and the inferior thyroid vein drains into the brachiocephalic vein.
• The thoracic duct drains lymph into the circulatory system at the left brachiocephalic vein between the left subclavian and left internal jugular veins.
• Lymph from these deep nodes passes to the jugular lymphatic trunk, which joins the thoracic duct on the left side and the brachiocephalic vein on the right side.
• It drains into the systemic ( blood ) circulation at the angle of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins as a single trunk, at the commencement of the brachiocephalic vein.
• The superior vena cava ( or cranial vena cava in animals ) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins, which contain blood from the head and the arms.
• The growing tumor can cause compression of a brachiocephalic vein, subclavian artery, phrenic nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve, vagus nerve, or, characteristically, compression of a sympathetic ganglion resulting in a range of symptoms known as Horner's syndrome.
• From this plexus, a left vein descends and joins the left brachiocephalic vein, and a right vein passes obliquely downward and to the right across the brachiocephalic artery to open into the right brachiocephalic vein, just at its junction with the superior vena cava; sometimes the right and left veins open by a common trunk in the latter situation.
• From this plexus, a left vein descends and joins the left brachiocephalic vein, and a right vein passes obliquely downward and to the right across the brachiocephalic artery to open into the right brachiocephalic vein, just at its junction with the superior vena cava; sometimes the right and left veins open by a common trunk in the latter situation.
• There are four variants : Supracardiac ( 50 % ) : blood drains to one of the innominate veins ( brachiocephalic veins ) or the superior vena cava; Cardiac ( 20 % ), where blood drains into coronary sinus or directly into right atrium; Infradiaphragmatic ( 20 % ), where blood drains into portal or hepatic veins; and a mixed ( 10 % ) variant.
• It runs down the side of the neck in a vertical direction, being at one end lateral to the internal carotid artery, and then lateral to the common carotid, and at the root of the neck, it unites with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein ( innominate vein ); a little above its termination is a second dilatation, the " inferior bulb ".